43.2 The Drop Radio
  • HOME
  • DROP LIBRARY
  • DROP PACKAGES
  • LIVE ON AIR!
    • SHOW ARCHIVES
    • SHOW PLAYLISTS
  • VIBE SUITES
    • INDIGENOUS FLUTE
    • LOVER'S ROCK (LOVE SONGS)
    • THE HIGH ROAD (ALTERNATIVE)
    • JAMMIN' REBEL (REGGAE)
    • MIMOSA (JAZZ)
    • THE BASEMENT (RAP)
    • NEON VALLEY (POP / RNB)
    • THE MIDNIGHT HOUR (BEDROOM)
    • EBONY EYEZ (SOUL RNB)
    • LET'S COOL ONE (CHILL MIX)
    • THE DROP ZONE (DOPE DROP MIX)
    • B.O.B IS BANGIN'
  • WHAT IS 432HZ?
  • ARTISTS LOUNGE
  • DROP NETWORKS
    • DROP ARTISTS NETWORK
    • FOOD TRUCK DROP NETWORK
  • DROP ALBUMS
  • ADVERTISE

THE DROP IS KNOWLEDGE
POWER
ORGANIC 432 FREQUENCY

432hz, the natural vibration of the Earth is mathematically consistent with Love. Vibrate in our "Vibe Suites" and "Artists Lounge" featuring the hottest indie artists and producers in the world. Stay tuned... our live 43.2 The Drop Radio shows are almost back!

SUBSCRIBE FOR FREE TO DROP NATION VIP

HEALTH DROP | EXPENSIVE CIGARETTES NO LONGER KEEP TEENAGERS FROM SMOKING

7/31/2015

16 Comments

 
Picture
Fewer American teens smoke cigarettes than 20 years ago. And taxes on cigarettes are much higher. These two trends were related, because teens wouldn’t pay the high price of a pack, but not anymore. Young people are no longer responding to higher cigarette taxes by smoking less.

Some perspective is important: More than one in three teenagers smoked in 1997, but fewer than one in four did in 2013. And within the past decade, 31 states have jacked up their tax on cigarettes, especially after the Great Recession strained many governments’ budgets. Although reducing teen smoking often wasn’t the main justification for raising cigarette taxes, old research using data up to 2005 had shown that a $1-per-pack tax increase could reduce teen smoking by nearly 10 percent.

But new research, using updated data through 2013, suggests that the association between the price of cigarettes and youth smoking rates has become weaker in recent years. According to a new working paper, not yet peer-reviewed, a $1 increase in cigarette taxes from 2007 to 2013 was linked to a very slight increase in teen smoking (albeit one statistically indistinguishable from zero). The working paper was written by three economists, Benjamin Hansen, Joseph Sabia and Daniel Rees, and was published by the National Bureau of Economic Research.

There are several possible reasons why taxes no longer affect teen smokers. Nowadays, “the only remaining smokers are the die-hards,” said Kitt Carpenter, an economist at Vanderbilt University. Smoking among young people has fallen so far that the remaining core isn’t affected by price.

Another possibility, raised by Hansen and his collaborators, is that teens are more adept at using the Internet to evade cigarette taxes. Other research has shown that online searches for “cheap cigarettes” spike when new taxes are implemented. High schoolers, either through social connections or online vendors, might be better at getting those less-expensive smokes, thereby nullifying the tax hike.

In 2008, with co-author Philip Cook, Carpenter published work showing that cigarette taxes discourage teen smoking. It was the strongest study to date, but it used data through only 2005. Although the new research replicates Carpenter and Cook’s estimates through 2005, the relationship breaks down in the subsequent period through 2013. Carpenter supports these new estimates: “I think it’s interesting, and the analysis seems right,” he said.

Both studies used data from the Youth Risk Behavior Surveys (YRBS), a massive biennial effort that surveys thousands of high schoolers. Directed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and state education departments, the surveys reached more than 150,000 high school students in 48 states from 1991 to 2013 and asked them about risky behavior such as smoking.

The 2007 to 2013 period is also interesting because, during the recession and slow recovery that followed, it became, in Hansen’s words, “smoking-tax-hike season” for many state governments. For instance, Massachusetts raised its tax by $1 in 2008, and Minnesota’s went up by $1.60 in 2013.

The trend isn’t uniform; states have different smoking and tax patterns. The states raising cigarette taxes are probably the ones with the greatest anti-smoking sentiment; politicians, after all, are probably raising cigarette taxes in accord with public opinion. But this sentiment is hard to observe directly, and so Hansen and his co-authors did extra work to analyze trends by controlling for state-level variables. When they did so, higher cigarette prices had no effect on teen smoking.

The YRBS data sets underpinning these studies are not perfect. They can’t survey youths who aren’t in school, and those who have dropped out might smoke more. Some researchers worry that high school students won’t answer about their smoking honestly in a school-administered survey. Both sets of researchers controlled for student demographic variables released by YRBS, such as race, sex, age and grade. Some variables — such as income — are not collected by the CDC or the states. Carpenter admitted that the information on the students is limited — “they are really, really poor measures,” he said. But it’s still the best data available to study this question.

It’s not clear what the policy response should be if this represents a new normal of youth smoking behavior. Hansen would like to see more research into the effectiveness of other anti-smoking interventions: high school health classes, for instance, or informational campaigns.

One option is to do what Hawaii recently did: raise the minimum smoking age. It’s 18 in most states, but Hawaii changed it to 21. Unfortunately, the YRBS doesn’t collect date of birth (only age). Hansen speculates that raising the minimum purchase age by just one year, from 18 years old to 19 years old, could have an impact on teen smoking. There are many high school seniors who are 18, but not many who are 19. Now that a previously effective weapon against teen smoking appears to be blunted, states will have to look elsewhere.
via fivethirtyeight
16 Comments
Betty Who
7/31/2015 02:14:18 pm

Kids will be kids ya know?

Reply
Jose Alba
7/31/2015 02:15:06 pm

Trust me, they never intended to lose their prize niche market.

Reply
Roadster
7/31/2015 02:17:33 pm

Lol fucking right

Reply
VCM
7/31/2015 02:15:41 pm

ROLL IT UP

Reply
blogtalk takeover radio
7/31/2015 02:16:44 pm

real bad habit!! quit

Reply
Stats Homework Help link
12/7/2015 07:45:56 pm

It is fantastic post. I'll be waiting for more posts

Reply
Term Paper Writing Help link
12/8/2015 12:37:12 pm

I like your post and everything you share with is extremely informative. keep sharing informative posting here.

Reply
Term Paper Writing Help link
12/8/2015 12:39:50 pm

I like this website pretty much. Great info. Hi and thanks for the web blogs.

Reply
Term Paper Writing Help link
12/8/2015 12:41:50 pm

Keep sharing this type of posting with us.. Thanks

Reply
Term Paper Writing Help link
12/8/2015 01:00:53 pm

Thanks for the great share and keep up this good work!.

Reply
EBook Writing Service link
1/7/2016 02:07:23 pm

I like this website pretty much. Great info. Hi and thanks for the web blogs.

Reply
Electronics Assignment Help link
1/7/2016 08:02:54 pm

Nice post.. Keep sharing more informative post!

Reply
Depreciation Accounting Homework Help link
1/8/2016 05:30:15 pm

I personally like your post; you have shared good insights and experiences. Keep it up.

Reply
Vashikaran specialist in India link
1/28/2016 03:27:02 pm

thanks for sharing this i really appreciate this..

Reply
Vashikaran specialist in Nasik link
1/28/2016 03:28:03 pm

I am very pleased to see this post, thank you for sharing..

Reply
Vashikaran specialist in Noida link
1/28/2016 03:30:15 pm

Great Post !! Very interesting topic ..

Reply



Leave a Reply.

    ENJOY YOUR 432 HZ
    "SOUL RNB" VIBE SUITE

    EBONY EYEZ

    Picture
    Click to enter "Ebony Eyez"

    SUPPORT DROP NATION!

    Picture
    SUPPORT DROP NATION
    PAYPAL 4 THE DROP

    DROP LIBRARY

    Picture
    ENTER DROP LIBRARY

    ROCK DA DROP

    ORDER YOUR DROP NATION SHIRT TODAY!
    Picture
    Picture
    Sizes

    "YES U DO" 
    THE FREQUENCY ANTHEM
    Download Free Now

    SUBSCRIBE FOR FREE TO JOIN DROP NATION VIP!


    Join today and receive your favorite 5 songs re-tuned to 432hz every month! For a limited time only!

    drop tuner

    Upload up to 50 of your favorite songs every month and we'll send them back in 432hz Swag Frequency!
    email us to get started today...
    music@432thedrop.com
    Swag Frequency
    Email

    DAILY DROP

    HOW TO GET STARTED TODAY WITH OUR NEW 432 HERTZ DROP TUNER SERVICE! FREE!!!
    Daily Drop Archives

    LET US FIND THE TRUTH

    VIRTUAL PUBLIC LIBRARY
    Picture
    LETUSFINDTHETRUTH

    LATEST LIVE ON-AIR SHOWS

    TDR | THE BOILING POINT
    Picture

    Click button below to open live shows in a separate browser for uninterrupted streaming.
    SHOW ARCHIVES

    WHO GOT THE DROP? 
    HIRAM ART


    DONATE TO FIGHT SICKLE CELL

    Picture
    Donate to Camp Crescent Moon today and help our children fight Sickle Cell
    Donate Today!

    Categories

    All
    420 Drop
    432 Drop
    432 Live Radio Shows
    #ADD Drop
    Album Drop
    Alden Davis
    Animal Drop
    Art Drop
    Arthur Scott Jr
    Artists Lounge
    Book Drop
    Brandy Brim Show
    Bro Sanchez Tv
    Business Drop
    Chef Ahki
    Classic Drop
    Community Drop
    Compare 432 Vs 440
    Cool Drop
    Cop Drop
    Cynthia G
    Daily Drop
    Daughter Of Israel
    Drop Albums
    Drop Artist Battles
    Drop Artist Features
    Drop Artists
    Drop Artist Vids
    Drop Beats
    Drop Exclusive
    Drop Freestyle
    Drop Interviews
    Drop Kicks
    Drop Library
    Drop Nation
    Drop Or Die
    Drop Poetry
    Drop Producer Battles
    Drop Producer Features
    Drop Tracks
    Drop Vidz
    Drop Whips
    Drop Writers
    Dry Bones Rising
    Education Drop
    Ernest Anderson
    Faith Drop
    Fashion Drop
    Fight Drop
    Film/tv Drop
    Fitness Drop
    Flat Drop
    Food Drop
    Food Truck Drop
    Francisco
    Funny Drop
    Galactic Drop
    Gamer Drop
    Geoshifter
    Getting To Root Of It All
    Grimnasty Tv
    Hallway Ch
    Health Drop
    Hiram Art
    Historic Drop
    Hood2hood1000
    Hurt Beezy
    Ig45n2
    Immanuel Hizkiyah
    Industry Drop
    Infinite Waters
    Irvin Reed
    J Stew
    Kaptain Kush
    Kiddie Drop
    King Drane
    King Drop
    Kotaku
    Legal Drop
    Let Us Find The Truth
    Lexwill
    Life Drop
    Live Drop
    Lord Of The Universe13
    Madison Smilez
    Ma Truth
    Medicine Man
    Misc Drop
    M Mitchell
    Money Drop
    Multi Drop
    Mw Smith
    Mz Dee And Copper Color Awakenig
    Naija Drop
    Negrito Grande
    News Drop
    Oktoba Skorpio
    Phi Yah
    Photo Drop
    Political Drop
    Prof Spira
    Racing Drop
    Rara The Great
    Real Spill
    Rest In Power
    Rfg Chosen One
    Scattered Yasharal Views
    Science Drop
    Secret Drop
    Seed Drop
    Short Film Drop
    Sister Drop
    Sneaker Drop
    Space Drop
    SPORTS DROP
    Style Drop
    Styles By Nina
    Suit Up
    Survival Drop
    Tayla Andre
    Tbt Drop
    Teachmetobepriestly
    TECH DROP
    Thee Original American
    Tmel Ra Smith Bey
    Top Drop
    Tree Drop
    Truthunveiled777
    Tyrone St
    Underwater Drop
    Unidentified Drop
    Uno Onthebeatz
    Wake Up With Mr Pete
    War Drop
    Watch Drop
    Weather Drop
    Wildlife Drop
    Winnifer Holcolb
    Word Drop
    World Drop
    Wtf Drop
    Yahunathon


    ENJOY our latest DROP ARTIST and PRODUCER features!

    SUPPORT INDIE ARTISTS!

    ARTIST FEATURES
    PROD. FEATURES

    LAST SHOW'S PLAYLIST ENJOY YOUR 432HZ "SWAG FREQUENCY" EXPERIENCE.
    SHOW PLAYLISTS

    CYMATICS EXPERIMENT
    432HZ VS 440HZ


    WHAT IS 432 HZ?

    Follow @432thedrop

    Picture
    Picture

    The Drop is Cutting Edge Frequency
    The Drop
    is Knowledge
    The Drop is Power!


    DROP QUOTE
    "TRUTH NEVER NEEDS VALIDATION FROM IGNORANCE"
    - DICK GREGORY


    VIBE SUITE

    What vibe suits you?
    Pick your own 432Hz Healthy Music VIBE & enjoy your travels through wonderland...

    DROP FLOW


    LADY'S LOVE


    THE BASEMENT


    MAKE ME WORK IT


    MEDITATE WITH ME


    LET'S GET JAZZY


    Picture

    THE DROPOFF

    Vibrate with King Drop  dropping the latest indie music, drop topics and exclusive interviews!
    LIVE SHOWS RETURNING SOON!!!!!!


    Archives

    March 2017
    February 2017
    January 2017
    December 2016
    November 2016
    October 2016
    September 2016
    August 2016
    July 2016
    June 2016
    May 2016
    April 2016
    March 2016
    February 2016
    January 2016
    December 2015
    November 2015
    October 2015
    September 2015
    August 2015
    July 2015
    June 2015
    May 2015
    April 2015
    March 2015
    February 2015
    January 2015
    December 2014
    November 2014
    October 2014
    September 2014
    August 2014
    July 2014
    June 2014
    May 2014
    April 2014
    December 1969

    RSS Feed


Copyright 43.2 The Drop Radio, LLC